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One of the most important applications in a construction is waterproofing. Waterproofing improves the durability of many different surfaces in construction. In addition, waterproofing materials should be applied in order to ensure the comfort of the house or office to be used after the construction is finished. So, what are the most ideal waterproofing materials? Which waterproofing material should be used for which part of a house? You can find answers to these questions in our article.
What is Water Insulation?
**Before we find an answer to the question of what are waterproofing materials, we need to ask ourselves the meaning of water insulation.
Waterproofing is the process of making an object or structure waterproof or water resistant. Thanks to this process, the insulated material or structure remains unaffected by water or resists water ingress under the specified conditions. Such articles may be used in wet environments or under specified depths. Sometimes it is used to increase the comfort of buildings by using on surfaces such as balconies or warehouses which are thought to be in contact with water. The question of what are the waterproofing materials should be given in accordance with the area of use.
Waterproofing in buildings is the formation of an impermeable barrier on the surfaces of foundations, roofs, walls and other structural elements to prevent the passage of water from these surfaces. Building surfaces are water-resistant and sometimes waterproof.
In other words, waterproofing is a protective measure that makes a surface water resistant or prevents unwanted penetration of liquids under other external forces such as hydrostatic pressure and capillary. It is a process that allows the installation of a continuous system with the application of elastic and durable membranes. It is a technique used in construction and design industries to reduce the effect of liquid penetration on systems. Insulation increases the durability of concrete surfaces in a building.
Waterproofing Methods in Different Places
One of the reasons why you are asking yourself what waterproofing materials are is that you can benefit from these materials in constructions. In this case, you should take a close look at how waterproofing is applied in constructions.
Construction applications are one of the areas where water insulation is frequently encountered. Waterproofing is achieved by using membranes and coatings to maintain a structure or structure, contents and structural integrity.
Benefits of Waterproofing
To give a healthy answer to the question of what are waterproofing materials, we need to understand the reason for this need at first. Each building is subject to deterioration if it is not properly maintained. In this way, some natural factors such as air, water, climate, wind and humidity becomes manageable. If a structure is not protected from water, problems such as deterioration or damage to a structure from foundation to plaster can be encountered. Against the following causes buildings need to be insulated against water:
- Natural factors
- Unexpected fire accidents
- Water – rain and humidity
- Strong wind
- Big earthquakes
- Non-natural factors
- Damage caused by theft
- Collapse of buildings
- Structural failure in buildings
- Other anti-social actions
Building waterproofing is a process designed to prevent water from entering a building. In general, extensive waterproofing measures are added to provide moisture control to the building during construction, and waterproofing can also be made after a building has been constructed, or when it arises as part of a building improvement or renovation process.
In order to prevent water leakage and accumulation of water, waterproofing is carried out in layers on the top of the structure, while retaining its respiratory characteristics. Internally, it removes the existing water content in the structure and externally forms a protective structure around itself. Typically, the building waterproofing system is constructed by creating a large number of barriers so that water cannot enter into the building.
The development of these multiple layers forms a structure around the building with the materials and techniques inside. This structure can be considered as a sustainable property or a green building measure by preventing excessive heat from escaping outside. This can be done by applying a variety of paints, coatings and other materials of coatings that help to create a transition between the external and internal temperature.
The minimum difference between the indoor and outdoor temperatures of a building results in less wear symptoms and protects the structure. This takes place in such a way that the effect of shrinkage or expansion in the various material composition of the building is reduced by matching or equalizing the room temperature and the outdoor temperature.
It reduces the load in the waterproofing system and other processes that the residents tend to use to make room temperature livable. This reduction can be counted in electricity consumption, drinking water consumption and other resource consumption savings. This tends to make the building more green.
Waterproofing Applications on Roofs
One of the main areas where waterproofing is applied in constructions is the main frame of the building. This main frame covers the construction and roof of the building. It protects the building from rain, snow, and frost. Roofing materials are generally designed to drain water from a water-resistant. In some cases they are also equipped to defend the building agains frosting as well. roofs. For this reason, both the general geographical location of the house and the facade of the house in this general position are important aspects to be considered. For example, if the house is in a place of constant rainfall, its roof should be designed accordingly. The answer to the question of what are the best waterproofing materials for roofs is directly related to these properties. The feasibility studies should be carried out by experts and the people who will carry out the construction should be directed accordingly.
Waterproofing on Walls
When you are looking for an answer to the question of what are waterproofing materials, you should act according to the characteristics of the region where you will apply waterproofing. The waterproofing materials used for the roof and the waterproofing materials insulated for the wall will not be identical. This is because these surfaces are different from the water they are exposed to. Walls must also have vapor barriers or air barriers.
Sometimes waterproofing in some houses on the walls with the right materials, moisture problems may be experienced. This may be due to the fact that a suitable material is not selected for moisture insulation. In such cases, the answer to the question of what are waterproofing materials becomes even more important. Moisture insulation is another aspect of waterproofing. The masonry walls are constructed with a moisture resistant road to prevent moisture from rising, and the concrete in the foundations is rendered damp or waterproof by a liquid coating, basement waterproofing membrane. In this way, no moisture problems.
Balcony and Terrace
Another area requiring special waterproofing is the terraces and balconies.
There are a few points to consider when choosing waterproofing materials for balconies and terraces. The first is the impact of expansion and contraction on waterproofing systems for roofs and terraces. The terrace continuously moves during the temperature changes and presses the water insulation systems. One of the leading causes of waterproof terrace system failures is the movement of substrates that cause a lot of stress on the membranes, causing the system to fail. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to use appropriate waterproofing membrane, appropriate slope drainage and appropriate construction materials.
What are the ideal waterproofing materials for a venue? To give a solid answer to this question, we need to take a closer look at the waterproofing materials.
1. Cement Based Waterproofing Method
Let’s start with one of the traditional answers to the question of what are the waterproofing materials, Cement based waterproofing is the easiest waterproofing method in construction. Cement based waterproofing materials are easily available fin various suppliers and they are easy to mix and apply.
This method is often used in domestic wet areas such as bathrooms and toilets. This method is usually a complete or semi-flexible type of waterproofing. It is used in areas that are not sunlight or weather conditions
Cement based waterproofing is used in the following structures:
- Water treatment plants
- Sewage Treatment Plants
- Bridges
- Dams
- Railway and metro systems
- Sea cargo port and docks
- River locks / canals and concrete dykes
- Parking structures
- Tunnels
Cement based waterproofing is used in these areas
2 . Liquid Waterproofing Membrane Method
The most ideal water insulation materials are the answers to the question and the other is liquid (liquid) water insulation methods. The liquid waterproofing membrane method is a thin coating, usually consisting of a primer coat and two coats of top coat applied by spray, roller or trowel. It offers more flexibility than cement based waterproofing types. Therefore, it is used more intensely nowadays.
So, how to apply the liquid waterproofing membrane method? The elongation properties of the coating can reach up to 2000%. The durability of the waterproofing coating depends on what kind of polymer the manufacturer uses in the construction of liquid waterproofing.
The liquid waterproofing membrane may be a spray-applied liquid membrane composed of polymer modified asphalt. Different degrees of acrylic, hybrid or polyurethane liquid membranes for trowel, roller or spray are also available from various manufacturers.
3. Bituminous Coating Waterproofing Method
Bituminous coating is a type of coating used for waterproofing and flexible protective coating in accordance with the degree of formulation and polymerization. Its flexibility and protection against water can be influenced by the polymer class as well as the reinforcement of the fiber.
Bituminous coating is also called asphalt coating. The most common applications of bituminous coatings include areas under the screed. It is an excellent protective coating and waterproofing material on surfaces such as concrete foundations.
The bituminous coating is made of bitumen based materials and is not suitable for exposure to sunlight. As long as it is not modified by a more flexible material such as polyurethane or acrylic based polymers, it becomes very fragile when exposed to sunlight for a long time.
The flexibility of finished products always depends on the solids content of the polymer added to the bit.
4. Bitumen Membrane Waterproofing Method
Bituminous membrane waterproofing is a popular method used on low slope roofs due to their proven performance. It is a bituminous waterproofing membrane and self-adhesive membrane.
In addition to the self-adhesive compounds, asphalt, polymer and filler, certain resins and oils may be added to improve the adhesion properties. As the adhesion properties of the membrane decrease over time, the self-adhesive type has a low shelf life.
5. Polyurethane Liquid Membrane Waterproofing Method
Polyurethane liquid membrane waterproofing method is used for flat roof area and is exposed to weather conditions. This waterproofing method is expensive compared to others.
Polyurethane Liquid Membrane can offer higher flexibility. Polyurethane is very sensitive to the present moisture content, so it is necessary to be very careful when evaluating the moisture content of the concrete slab before application, otherwise the membranes may peel off or bond after a period of time.